Additionality

is defined as whether an environmental service would have been provided in the absence of new incentives, such as Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES)A PES scheme is a transparent system for the additional provision of environmental services through conditional payments to voluntary providers (e.g., farmers or landowners) (Tacconi, 2012). See Wunder (2015) for an overview of de... More or agri-environment-climate measures (AECM)are a funding mechanism aiming to provide financial support to farmers to contribute to the protection or enhancement of biodiversity, soil, water, landscape, or air quality, or climate change mitigation or adaptation. A bundle of... More. ​